फि‍ल्‍ड मटर की उच्च पैदावार व खड़े रहने की उत्‍तम योग्यता वाली कि‍स्‍म  - अमन

A newly developed Fieldpea (Pisum sativum) variety , Aman (IPF 5-19) , has been recommended for commercial cultivation in Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh, Delhi and plains of Uttarakahnd in 2009.  This variety has a yield superiority of about 22% over the best check variety DMR 7 and has better standing ability as compared to other varieties. 

The average yield of the variety in North West Plain Zone is 2202 kg/ha under normal conditions. This variety possesses high degree of resistance to powdery mildew disease.  Also, the variety is moderately resistant to rust disease and to pod borer and stemfly incidences.

Field pea variety Aman (IPF 5-19)

Fieldpea is one of the important cool season pulse crops extensively grown in Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Assam, Maharashtra, Orissa, Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan. 

It is mainly grown for food, feed and vegetable purpose. The dry grains are consumed in various forms such as chat, chhola, dal, vegetables and flour. Green seed are used   as fresh, frozen or canned vegetables.

Grains are rich source of proteins (20%), carbohydrates and other vitamins, which are good for human and livestock consumption. In India, it is grown on more than 0.76 million hectare area with annual production of about 0.67 million tones.  Like other leguminous crops, fieldpea improve the soil fertility by fixing atmospheric nitrogen through symbiosis. 

Recently, Aman (IPF 5-19) fieldpea variety in tall background with tendril has been developed through pedigree selection from the cross KPMR 144-1 x EC 8495.  The variety matures in 130 days and has 100 seed weight of about 18 gm.  Seeds are round, smooth and white.  Variety Aman with average yield of 2202 kg/ha under normal conditions, showed distinct yield superiority of 22% over the check variety DMR 7 in North West Plain Zone  during  2006 to 2009 (Table 1).

It was released and notified by Central Sub Committee on Crop Standards, Notification and release of Varieties for Agricultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India in 2009 for North West Plain Zone comprising the states of Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Western U.P., Delhi, Plains of Uttarakhand and Himanchal Pradesh.

It is suitable for cultivation under both irrigated as well as rainfed conditions during rabi season. It has white colour flower, glabrous stipule surface and two pods per cluster with 116 cm plant height.

The stem of earlier developed fieldpea variety is very thin and lodge at early stage due to huge mass of foliage and pods on upper part of the plant. Therefore, a new plant type (Aman) to reduce lodging has been developed.

Standing ability in this variety has been improved by converting the leaves into tendrils which ultimately helped the plants in reducing lodging through interlocking of plants in a population till full maturity.

Standing ability increase the penetration of sunlight to lower portion of the plant, and proper air ventilation, therefore, there is a low chance of disease infestation as compare to other varieties. The network of interlocked tendrils above crop canopy also help in reducing damage due to birds attack.  

Table 1: Mean yield data kg/ha over years in NWPZ (2006-09)

Value in paranthesis indicate number of locations/experiment

Table 2: Screening of fieldpea genotypes against powdery mildew (0-5 scale)

Table 3: Reaction to Rust   

Powdery mildew is the major biotic stress of fieldpea cultivation in the states of Punjab, Haryana, plains of Uttarakhand, Himanchal Pradesh, western Uttar Pradesh, Delhi and Rajasthan. This fieldpea variety Aman, showed high level of resistance against powdery mildew (Table 2) in the coordinated trials conducted at various locations of central India.  It is also moderately resistant to rust disease (Table 3) and pest incidences like pod borer and stemfly.

 SUMMARY

The newly released fieldpea variety Aman has a yield superiority of about 22% over the best check variety DMR 7 in North West Plain Zone. The variety matures in 130 days with an average yield of 2202 kg/ha under normal conditions.

It possesses high degree of field resistance to powdery mildew disease.  T

his variety is moderately resistant to rust disease and also to pod borer and stem fly incidences. It is suitable for cultivation under both irrigated as well as rain fed conditions during rabi season.

This variety has good standing ability as compare to other varieties. Therefore, it has several advantages like sunlight interception to lower plant part, mechanical support to prevent lodging and interlocking network of tendril reducing birds’ damage.

Authors:

G.P.Dixit¹ and A.K.Parihar²

¹Principal scientist (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.), AICRP on MuLLaRP, 

 ²Scientist (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.), Crop Improvement Division

Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur 208024