Author: rjwhiteclubs@gmail.com

02 Mar

Posted at 08:43h in Crop Cultivation

हाथी ऐप्पल: आर्थिक रूप से महत्वपूर्ण पेड के रूप में उभर रहा है Elephant apple crop is native to south-eastern Asia. Its botanical name is Dillenia indica (डिलिनिया इंडिका) and chalta (चाल्टा) is the name in one of Indian languages. Chalta crop is probably a native of India. It is found growing wild in Indian forests along the base of Himalayas from Nepal to Meghalaya. It bears green fruits which resemble large apples. The fruit thrives in swamps and semi-tropical forests in deep soil and humid atmosphere. Officially harvesting of chalta (elephant apple) from forest is prohibited in India as this fruits is one of the favourite fruits of wild elephant. The introducer of binomial...

26 Feb

Posted at 09:44h in Seed production

Potato seed certification method राष्ट्रीय बीज गुणन पोलिसी के अनुसार बीज गुणन प्रावस्थाओं को तीन वर्गों में वर्गीकृत किया गया है। i) प्रजनित या मूल बीज ii) आधार बीज-I व II iii) प्रमाणित बीज । प्रमाणित बीज के बारे में यह माना जाता है कि यह बीज मिलावट रहित शुद्ध एवं रोग मुक्त होता है जिनमें रोग और कीटों के प्रति सहनशीलता होती है। जबकि आधार बीज-1 और आधार बीज-2 तथा प्रमाणित बीज की विषाणु रोगों, विजातीय किस्मों, कन्द जनित रोगों और ग्रेड सम्बन्धित सीमाओं का निर्धारण भारत सरकार द्वारा तय होता है। प्रजनित बीज की माँनीटरिंग का कार्य तो प्रमाणीकरण एजेन्सियां करती हैं किन्तु यह एजेन्सियां बीज का प्रमाणीकरण नहीं करतीं। भारत...

25 Feb

Posted at 06:22h in Crop disease

13 major diseases and pests of onions and garlic and their control. प्याज एवं लहसुन भारत में उगाई जाने वाली महत्वपूर्ण फसलें है। इनकों सलाद के रूप में, सब्जी में, आचार या चटनी बनाते समय प्रयोग में लाते हैं। प्याज एवं लहसुन में विभिन्न औषधीय गुण भी पाये जाते हैं। प्याज एवं लहसुन की खेती रबी मौसम में की जाती है लेकिन इनको खरीफ (वर्षा ऋतु) मौसम में भी उगाया जाता है। प्याज एवं लहसुन की फसल में अनेक रोग लगते हैं किन्तु कुछ ही विशेष रूप से हानिकारक हैं। इनकी रोकथाम अत्यन्त आवश्यक है अन्यथा पूरा परिश्रम तथा फसल पर किया गया व्यय निरर्थक हो जाता है तथा किसानों को घोर...

20 Feb

Posted at 09:05h in Crop disease

फल फसलों के सि‍लाईड (Psyllid) कीट और उनके प्रबंधन  Psyllids pests are major problem in fruit crops under Indian subcontinent. Psyllids pests feeds phloem sap form plants, belongs to series Sternorryncha of suborder Homoptera. The group comprises over 3000 species of psyllids in 235 recognised genera, distributed worldwide. Super family Psylloidea comprises 6 families viz., Psyllidae, Calophyidae, Phacopteronidae, Homotomidae, Carsidaridae and Triozide. Psyllids are free living and 15 per cent of known species of psyllids are gall inducers. Life cycle of psyllids involves an egg stage, five nymphal instars before becoming adult. Basic characters of Psyllid pests Adult psyllids resemble miniature cicads, ranging in length from 1-10 mm Both sexes posses two pairs of wings, forewings...

19 Feb

Posted at 09:31h in Postharvest

स्टार करौदा परिरक्षण (मुरब्‍बा): बेरी का एक पोषक मूल्य संंर्वधक उत्पाद  Star gooseberry, an underutilized fruit crop of Indian origin, has not yet been exploited properly in spite of its nutritional and medicinal values. In comparison to aonla / amla, it has limited market potential. However, its potential may be realized by developing and promoting its value added products. Bearing plant of star gooseberry Preserve may be helpful in popularizing vitamin C rich star gooseberry among masses. Star gooseberry (Phyllanthus acidus Skeels), a close relative of aonla (Emblica officinalis Geartn) is an underutilized fruit crop of India. It is a component of homestead gardens of tropical/ subtropical humid regions of the country. In Odisha it is...

17 Feb

Posted at 10:02h in Crop Cultivation

किसानों की आय बढ़ाने के लिए विशिष्ट मक्का और उनकी विशेष उत्पादन प्रौद्योगिकियों की भूमिका Corn or Maize (Zea mays L.) is high-yielding, fast-growing, highly adaptable and multi -utility cereal crop. Maize and wheat are the major source of carbohydrates and proteins for almost a half of the world's human population.  Maize is primarily grown as an energy crop, but the use of different specific types such as sweet maize, popping maize and white seeded maize is quite extensive. It is with respective quality parameters relating to tender ear characteristics, biochemical components relating to protein, sweetness, starch, oil and popping traits are considered as specialty corn. Compared to field corns, specialty corns possess additional...

12 Feb

Posted at 07:01h in Seed production

गेंहूं का बीज उत्‍पादन The production of wheat crop for seed purpose requires almost similar agronomic operations as are used for grain crop production. However, seed production differs from normal grain production on the issues of isolation requirements, rouging and special attention in carrying operations of harvesting, threshing and storage. Moreover, for seed production one has to follow the specific guidelines issued by the seed certification Agency for ensuring specific field and seed standards which include a) seed multiplication b) Isolation requirements c) Roguing and d) Field inspection. Wheat Seed Multiplication: To maintain the genetic purity of the seed, a generation system of seed production is followed. In wheat seed production, In India usually...

12 Feb

Posted at 06:51h in Crop Cultivation

Commercial cultivation of Sugarcane व्यावसायिक फसलों में गन्ने का महत्त्वपूर्ण स्थान है । गन्ने की खेती के लिए गर्म जलवायु अच्छी मानी जाती है । अच्छे विकास के लिए तापमान 26-32 डिग्री से.ग्रे. उत्तम होता है । खेती के लिए मध्यम से काली कछारी एवं चिकनी दोमट मिटटी डोरसा कन्हार सर्वोत्तम रहती है। गन्‍ना उत्‍पादन के लि‍ए खेत की तैयारी: खरीफ फसल काटने के बाद खेत की गहरी जुताई मिटटी पलटने वाले हल से करें । इसके बाद देषी हल या कल्टीवेटर से जुताई करके पाटा चलाकर खेत समतल करें । गन्‍ना बोने का समय: गन्ने को अक्टूबर-नवम्बर षरद ऋतु व फरवरी मार्च बसंत ऋतु में बोया जाता है । बसंत की अपेक्षा षरदकालीन बुवाई...

12 Feb

Posted at 05:59h in Soil & Fertilizers

अनुकूलित उर्वरक: उर्वरको की सर्वोत्तम प्रबंधन क्रि‍याऐं Fertilizer is one of the key inputs in augmenting food grain production. Considering the fact that about 40-50% of the applied fertilizer nitrogen is lost by ammonia volatilization, leaching, run-off and de-nitrification, development of more efficient nitrogen fertilizers such as neem-coated urea needs to be encouraged by providing price incentive to the fertilizer manufacturers. Most of the present suite of fertilizer products were developed more than 40 years ago. Over the past 25 years, no “new” efficient fertilizer product has been developed particularly no product affordable for use on food crops by farmers in less developed countries. New and improved fertilizers are critical to help feed the...

30 Jan

Posted at 09:50h in Miscellaneous

एकीकृत कृषि: समय की आवश्यकता Multi-purpose farming (MPF) is a concept where various farmings are integrated to meet the requirements of family life. Due to increased population, urbanization and industrialization, agricultural land holding are decreasing day by day. There has been great demand of food grains and daily needs nowadays. Therefore, there is need to adopt such farming system in which farmer can earn handsome profit with their limited resources and recycle resources for enhanced profit margin. Adoption of fish farming based integrated agriculture and animal husbandry practices would serve the above purpose of farmers.  Area for MPF:- One hectare of area is considered a standard size of farm to introduce different enterprises, simultaneously....