Author: rjwhiteclubs@gmail.com

08 Jul

Posted at 04:42h in Crop disease

Weeds control in main kharif crops भारत की कृषि-अर्थव्यवस्था विभिन्न फसलों के उत्पादन एवं उत्पादकता पर निर्भर करती हैं। कीटों, बिमारियों तथा खरपतवारों के प्रकोप से फसलों के उत्पादन में होने वाली क्षति को बचाकर खाद्यान्नों का उत्पादन अधिक बढ़ाया जा सकता है। फसलों में सर्वाधिक हानि खरपतवारों से होती हैं। खरपतवार (weeds) अवांछित पौधे होते है जिनकी एक निष्चित स्थान व समय पर आवश्‍यकता नहीं होती है और बिना बोए अपने आप उग जाते हैं। इसके कारण खरपतवारों व फसलों के बीच पौषक तत्वों, जल, स्थान, प्रकाश आदि के लिए प्रतिस्पर्धा बढ़ जाती हैं। विभिन्न फसलों की उपज में केवल खरपतवारों के कारण होने वाली क्षति 15-70 प्रतिशत तक हैं।...

07 Jul

Posted at 10:24h in Crop Sowing

Sowing Time, maturity indices, harvesting stages and time of vegetables. (Part-1) 1. Tomato Season of seed sowing –June-Aug, Nov.-Dec. Season of transplanting-. Aug.-Sept, Dec.-Feb Season of Harvest- October-December, and April-june The stage of harvesting depends upon the purpose to which the fruits are to be used. Dark green colour- Dark green colour is changed and a reddish pink shade is observed on fruit. Fruits to be shipped are harvested at this stage. Such fruits are then sprayed with ethylene 48 hours prior to shipping. Immature green tomatoes will ripen poorly and be of low quality. A simple way to determine maturity is to slice the tomato with a sharp knife. If seeds are cut, the fruit...

26 Jun

Posted at 10:10h in Crop Cultivation

चारा बीट - एक उत्कृष्ट चारा फसल Fodder beet (Beta vulgaris sub sp. maritime) is considered to be one of the highest biomass producing crop and cultivated globally mainly for its fleshy, swollen roots. The major fodder beet producing countries are France, United Kingdom, Netherland, New Zealand, Belarus, China, Japan. The plant is similar to sugar beet but its roots are less deeply buried (upto 2/3 above ground) and the dark green heart shaped leaves are borne in a rosette lying more horizontally (Fig.1). It has an inherent capacity of salt tolerance and probably the highest biomass producing crop in saline environments. Fodder beets provide excellent quality fodder (Table 1). It is...

26 Jun

Posted at 09:40h in Crop disease

भारत की मृदा व फसलों में बोरोन तथा मोलिब्डेनम की कमी और उर्वरकों के प्रयोग सेे उनमे सुुुुधार   Plants require eight micronutrients for their growth and development. Out of them, Boron (B) and Molybdenum (Mo) are anionic micronutrients found to be deficient in Indian soils and crops. The essentiality of the B and Mo for higher plants was first established by K. Warington in 1923 and by D. I. Arnon and P. R. Stout in 1939 respectively. The information regarding deficiency of B and Mo in soils in India, their role in plant growth and deficiency symptoms and fertilizers containing B and Mo for amelioration is being provided for the benefit...

25 Jun

Posted at 09:56h in Seed production

धान के ब्रीडर सीड या प्रजनक बीज का उत्पादन Breeder seed is seed or vegetative propagating material directly controlled by the originating or sponsoring plant breeder of the breeding programme or institution and / or seed whose production is personally supervised by a qualified plant breeder and which provides the source for the initial and recurring increase of Foundation seed.  Concept of breeder seed The breeder seed is the first stage seed in the generation system of seed production. The breeder seed provides the source of the first and the subsequent increase of foundation seeds. This seed is produced by or under the direct control of the sponsoring plant breeder. Production techniques of breeder seed of paddy 1.    Land...

25 Jun

Posted at 04:15h in Cropping systems

शुष्‍क क्षेत्र में उच्च आय, सुरक्षा और उपयुक्‍त संसाधन उपयोग के लिए एकीकृत खेती प्रणाली The Indian hot arid zone occupies over 31.7 m ha area of which 81.0% lies in two states i.e.  Rajasthan and Gujarat. The characteristic features of this region are low and erratic rainfall (100 -420 mm/year), extreme temperatures (-5.7 to 50.0°C), long sunshine duration (6.6-10 hours), low relative humidity (30%-80%) high wind velocity (9-13 kmph) and high evapotranspiration (1500-2000 mm). The soils are poor in nutrients, wind erosion occurs on a mammoth scale and paucity of water is a perennial bottleneck. Dry land farming in farming system mode is the main occupation of the people . The crop...

23 Jun

Posted at 10:31h in Crop disease

बासमती चावल के 10 प्रमुख रोग और उनका प्रबंधन Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the most important food crops. It is staple food for more than half of the world’s population. India is one of the largest rice growing country with an area of around 44 m ha and production of more than 100 million tonnes. Rice is grown in almost all the states of India contributing about 42 per cent to the country’s food grain production and provides livelihood to about 70 per cent of the population. Basmati Rice, a special class of rice has contributed significantly for rice production and its export to other countries and is in...

20 Jun

Posted at 13:26h in Miscellaneous

Economic Analysis and Marketing Management of Jute Production पटसन भारत के पूर्वी व उत्तर राज्यों में उगाई जाने वाली एक महत्वपूर्ण पर्यावर्णीय अनुकूल रेशा फसल है | इसकी खेती लगभग 8 लाख हेक्टर में लगभग 40 लाख लघु व सीमान्त कृषकों द्वारा की जाती है | पश्चिम बंगाल पटसन के क्षेत्रफल एवं उत्पादन में देश का एक अग्रणी राज्य है | इसके अलावा इसकी खेती बिहार, असम, ओड़ीशा, त्रिपुरा, मेघालय तथा उत्तर प्रदेश में की जाती है | वर्तमान दशक में नवीनतम कृषि तकनीकों एवं क्षेत्रफल विस्तार के कारण इसकी राष्ट्रीय उत्पादकता 23.0 कु॰/हे॰ तथा वर्ष 2012-2013 में लगभग 103.4 लाख बेल का उत्पादन हुआ है | विभिन्न कारणों से पटसन उत्पादक राज्यों...

19 Jun

Posted at 06:56h in Crop disease

उत्तर पूर्वी भारत के मेघालय में सरसों जाति‍य में फसलों कीट पतंग सम्मिश्र और उनके प्रबंधन की रणनीतियाँ  Cole crops having family brassicaceae are one of the leading commercial vegetable groups in the world. Owing to its high nutritional value, brassicaceous plants and their hybrids, including various cultivars of cabbage, broccoli and mustard, are extensively grown across the world. It provides much needed dietary fibres, essential minerals and vitamins. Cole crops are also the major component of vegetables in north eastern states of India.  About 37 insect pests species have been reported to feed on cruciferous crops (Lal, 1975). Amongst all, diamondback moth, P. xylostella, webworm (Hellula undalis Fab.), cabbage butterflies (Pieris brassicae...

19 Jun

Posted at 05:34h in Animal husbandry

घर के पिछवाड़े मे बटेर पालन - ग्रामीण किसानों के लिए एक नया उद्यम The quail (Coturnix coturnis japonica), in Hindi called ‘Bater’ is raised for egg and meat production. It is one of the best source of non-vegetarian diet and a good converter of agri-byproducts or cereals to animal protein. The quality of ‘Bater’ meat is very high due to low calorific values, nutrient contents is more, very tender, juicy and delicious meat. The dry matter content in quail meat is high. To boost up the family income particularly for poor farmers who do not have any other source for high investment for diversified farming can easily opt for low cost quail...