fruit crops Tag

18 Feb

Posted at 06:53h in Crop Cultivation

फल फसलों में रंग विकास: कायिक एवं उद्यानिक परिप्रेक्ष्य Fruit colour is one of the most reliable quality indicators for both eating and marking parameters. Fruit colour pigments are necessary for fruit attractiveness, and they tend to accumulate in the skin during the ripening process. Fruit pericarp colour is a critical quality trait that influences market value and consumer acceptance. Fruit ripening is a complex, irreversible process that involves a succession of physiological, biochemical, and organoleptic changes that result in the production of a soft, edible ripe fruit with ideal quality characteristics. The shift in colour is caused by either the production of plant pigments or the unmasking of previously hidden colour. Chlorophyll,...

16 Aug

Posted at 06:57h in Crop disease

फल फसलों में एकांतर वहन प्रवृत्तियां और उसका प्रबंधन Alternate bearing means production of an excessive crop one year followed by little or no crop next year and Irregular bearing means production of a large crop one year followed by a lesser crop next year / or any irregular succession of crops differing  as to yields. This phenomenon in perennial fruit crops appeared to be governed by positive and negative regulatory factors and their interplay decided the fate of meristems under optimum environmental cues. Flower initiation is very important because it is the first step towards attaining fruit.  Floral induction is considered to be the result of elevated levels of up-regulated florigenic...

09 Dec

Posted at 09:25h in Miscellaneous

फलों की फसल के सुधार में पादप विकास नियामकों की भूमिका Plant growth regulators refer to an organic compound other than nutrients and vitamins which are active at low concentrations in promoting, inhibiting or modifying growth and development. The naturally occurring (endogenous) growth substances are commonly known as plant hormones, while the synthetic ones are called growth regulator. Plant hormone is synthesised in one part of the plant and translocated to another part, where in very low concentrations it causes a physiological response. The plant hormones are identified as promoters (auxins, gibberellin and cytokinin), inhibitors (abscissic acid and ethylene) and other hypothetical growth substance (florigen, flowering hormone, etc). Application of plant growth regulators results...

07 Sep

Posted at 05:37h in Crop Cultivation

चीकू की खेती करने की आधुनिक तकनीक चीकू ( Chiku ) या सपोटा (Sapota), सैपोटेसी कुल का पौधा है। भारत में चीकू अमेरिका के उष्ण कटिबन्धीय भाग से लाया गया था। चीकू का पक्का हुआ फल स्वादिष्ट होता है। चीकू के फलों की त्वचा मोटी व भूरे रंग का होती है। इसका फल छोटे आकार का होता है जिसमें 3 - 5 काले चमकदार बीज होते हैं। चीकू की खेेती फल उत्‍पादन तथा लेटेक्स उत्पादन के लिए की जाती है। चीकू के लेटेक्‍स का उपयोग चूइंगम तैयार करने के लिए किया जाता है। भारत में चीकू की खेती मुख्यत: फलों के लि‍‍‍ए की जाती है। चीकू फल का प्रयोग खाने के साथ-साथ...

20 Feb

Posted at 09:05h in Crop disease

फल फसलों के सि‍लाईड (Psyllid) कीट और उनके प्रबंधन  Psyllids pests are major problem in fruit crops under Indian subcontinent. Psyllids pests feeds phloem sap form plants, belongs to series Sternorryncha of suborder Homoptera. The group comprises over 3000 species of psyllids in 235 recognised genera, distributed worldwide. Super family Psylloidea comprises 6 families viz., Psyllidae, Calophyidae, Phacopteronidae, Homotomidae, Carsidaridae and Triozide. Psyllids are free living and 15 per cent of known species of psyllids are gall inducers. Life cycle of psyllids involves an egg stage, five nymphal instars before becoming adult. Basic characters of Psyllid pests Adult psyllids resemble miniature cicads, ranging in length from 1-10 mm Both sexes posses two pairs of wings, forewings...

24 Dec

Posted at 07:03h in Crop Cultivation

सिंघाड़ा के उत्पादन प्रौद्योगिकी Water chestnut (Trapa natans) is one of the most important minor fruit crops grown in India. It is an aquatic nut crop grown mainly in the tropical and sub-tropical region, as submersed plant community. It also thrives in the soft nutrient rich waters in lakes, ponds and streams with a neutral to slightly alkaline pH. The plant is well adapted to life at the water’s edge and prospers even when stranded along muddy shores. In India, it is most commonly used as edible nut. The kernel of water chestnut contains a large amount of protein (up to 20%), starch (52%), tannins (9.4%), fat (up to 1%), sugar (3%),...

24 Dec

Posted at 04:54h in Crop Cultivation

High density or Intensive farming of Fruit trees भारतवर्ष में जनसंख्या वृध्दि के साथ साथ फल उत्पादन भी बढ़ रहा है, लेकिन फल उत्पादन में द्वितीय स्थान होने के बावजूद भी प्रति व्यक्ति फलों की उपलब्धता केवल 80 ग्राम प्रतिदिन है। प्रति व्यक्ति फलों की उपलब्धता को बढ़ाने के लिए क्षेत्रफल का बढ़ाना बहुत ही मुश्किल काम है लेकिन फल उत्पादन को हम निम्न तरीके से बढ़ा सकते हैं जैसे अधिक उपज वाली किस्में लगाकर, समय के साथ कटाई, छंटाई व अन्य, फल वृक्षों की रोग तथा किटाणुओं के प्रति प्रबन्धन तथा सघन खेती से भी हम फल उत्पादन बढ़ा सकते हैं। सघन खेती से हमारा अभिप्राय किसी क्षेत्र में फल वृक्षों की संख्या...