आम के रोग

27 Jan Major 9 diseases of Mango and their management

Posted at 05:06h in Crop disease

Jitendra Sharma, Dr. G.S. Rathore, Richhapal Kumawat and Rajendra Jangid 25 views

आम के 9 प्रमुख रोग व उनका नि‍दान कैसे करें The mango (Mangifera indica) is an evergreen fruit tree. It is national fruit of India. It is a juicy stony fruit belonging to family anacardiaceae. The mango is native to South Asia. India accounting 42 % sharing in total world mango production. Mango is a rich source of vitamin C. dried mango skin and its seeds are also used in ayurvedic medicins. Mango leaves are used to decorate archways and doors in Indian houses. Mango also used for achar making, amchoor and for vegetable. Mango suffers from several diseases at all stages of its life. The major diseases of economic importance in India are: 1. Powdery Mildew (Oidium mangiferae) The symptoms can be noticed on the inflorescence, stalk of inflorescence, leaves and young fruits. The characteristics symptoms of disease are white superficial powdery growth of the fungus on these parts. The effective flowers may fall prematurely and young fruits may remain on the tree until they reach up the marble size and then drop prematurely. Dropping of unfertilized infected flowers and young fruits leads to serious crop loss (20-80%). Control:- Pruning of diseased leaves and malformed panicles reduces primary inoculums. Three sprays of systemic fungicides during flowering season are recommended at 12-15 days intervals. 1st spray...

03 Nov Sap injury in Mango and its management.

Posted at 09:14h in Crop disease

S. Parthasarathy 22 views

आम की फसल में आम पीप या सैप से नुकसान और उनका प्रबंधन Sap-injury in Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Sap-injury is an important post-harvest problem in mango . The mango fruit has a network of branching fruit ducts, which are present in both fruit and stalk and penetrate the transition zone between the fruit and its stalk. Several large fruit ducts continue into the stalk but end a short distance beneath the abscission zone. These fruit ducts contain a viscous, caustic liquid referred to as mango sap. Flow of sap between fruit and stalk is a part of the growth process. The amount of sap exuded varies with cultivar, maturity and production area. As the fruit matures and ripens, sap flow decreases and eventually stops. Formation of an abscission layer blocks further sap flow and the fruit falls from the tree. If this sap comes in contact with the peel of the fruit, it causes a darkening or browning of the peel in the region of contact. This discolouration of the peel is referred to as sap-injury or sap burn-injury. Sap-injury in mango fruit is a major industry concern, as it results in poor fruit quality and lower prices, especially in the export markets. Different experiments have been conducted to devise strategy for sap-injury management in commercial mango...

18 Jul आम के नाशीजीव एवं उनके प्रबंधन की तकनीक

Posted at 09:33h in Crop disease

डॉ. उमेश कुमार 24 views

Insects and pests of Mango and their management techniques फलों का राजा आम हमारे देश का सबसे महत्वपूर्ण फल है। इसकी खेती उत्तर प्रदेश, बिहार, आन्ध्र प्रदेश, पश्चिमी बंगाल, तमिलनाडु, उडीसा, महाराष्ट्र, और गुजरात में व्यापक स्तर पर की जाती है। आम के लिए गहरी तथा अच्छी जल निकास वाली मिट्टी उपयुक्त मानी गई है। मिट्टी का पी.एच. मान ६.५ – ७.५ के बीच सही माना गया है। आम का सफल उत्पादन पोषण- जलवायु में किया जा सकता है। बौर, फूल आने की अवस्था में वर्षा होने या बदली छाई रहना आम की फ़सल के लिए नुकसानदेय होता है। यह पूरे देश में सफलतापूर्वक उगाया जाता है। आम पाले के लिए अति संवेदनशील है अतः बाग़ को आरम्भ के कुछ वर्षों में पाले से बचाना अति आवश्यक है। आम पर लगने वाले कीट १. आम की गुठली का घुन (स्टोन वीविल) इस घुन की इल्ली आम की गुठली में छेद कर के घुस जाती है और उसके अन्दर अपना भोजन लेती रहती है। कुछ दिनों बाद ये गूदे में पहुँच जाती है और उसे क्षति पहुंचती है। कुछ देशों ने इस कीट से ग्रसित बाग़ से आम का आयात अपने यहाँ पूर्णरूप से प्रतिबंधित कर दिया है। रोकथाम: इस कीड़े को नियंत्रित करना अत्यंत दुष्कर होता है इसलिए जो भी फल पेड़ से गिरे उसे...

22 Apr 6 major diseases of Mango crop and their management

Posted at 09:49h in Crop disease

Shantamma 22 views

आम की फसल के 6 प्रमुख रोग व उनका प्रबंधन। Mango (Mangifera indica) is the national fruit of India, where it is known as the 'King of Fruits'. Not only is it one of the most highly prized fruits of South Asia, it is also intimately connected with folklore and legends across many religions. The mango is believed to have been discovered as long as five to six thousand years in eastern India,Thailand, Myanmar, the Andaman Islands or Malaysia. No matter its colouring or variety, a ripe, medium size mango provides carbohydrates, fiber, vitamins A, B1, B6 and C, sodium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, manganese, iron, phosphorus, potassium, pantothenic acid, and niacin. 1. Anthracnose in Mango crop: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Symptoms: Produces leaf spots, blossom blight, wither tip, twigs blight and fruit rot. Small blister like spots develop on the leaves and twigs. Young leaves wither and dry. Tender twigs wither and die back symptom appears. Necrotised tissue drop out leads to shot hole symptom Affected branches ultimately dry up. Black spots appear on fruits. The fruit pulp becomes hard, crack and decay at ripening. Infected fruits drop Symptoms on fruits Symptoms on leaves Management Spray P. fluorescens (FP 7) at 3 weeks interval commencing from October at 5g/like on flower branches. 5-7 sprays are to be given on flowers and bunches. Before storage, treat...

24 Jun Some Important Disease of Mango

Posted at 10:51h in Crop disease

21 views

आम के कुछ महत्वपूर्ण रोग 1. Powdery mildew in Mango: Oidium mangiferae (Perfect stage: Eyrsiphe polygoni) Symptoms The disease is easily recognized by whitish or grayish powdery growth on the inflorescence and tender leaves. Generally the infection starts from the inflorescence and spreads downwards covering the floral axis, tender leaves and stem. Infected leaves become twisted, curled and fall. Infected floral parts are severely damaged and drop off. If the fruits are set, they do not grow in size and may drop before attaining pea size. Fruits are sometimes malformed, discolored due to severe mildew attack. Because of poor fruits set and heavy flower and fruits drop, the loss due to the disease may be as high as 70-80%. Management Two preventive sprays with wettable sulphur 0.3% before flowers open and after fruit set. Dusting twice or thrice with fine Sulphur. Spraying with Karathane 0.1% before flowering and after fruit set (peanut stage). Resistant varieties: Neelum, Zardalu, Banglora, Torapari-khurd and Janardhan pasand. 2) Anthracnose in Mango: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Symptoms The fungus produces leaf spots, blossom blight, wither tip, twigs blight and fruit rot On leaves circular, light yellow brown spots are produced initially which soon enlarge with dark brown to black margins. If infection is severe individual spots coalesce leading to twisting of foliage and premature defoliation The disease spreads rapidly during rainy season and covers the...

01 Oct Improved Varieties of Mango

Posted at 08:59h in Crop Varietes

10 views

आम की प्रजातियॉं किस्‍म विकास औसत उपज विशेषताऐं। मल्‍लिका Mallika भा.कृ.अनु.सं. 18 से 20 कि.ग्रा. प्रति वृक्ष (दसवें वर्ष में) यह किस्‍म 1971 में सम्‍पूर्ण भारत के लिए अनुमादित की गई। विश्‍व में पहली बार व्‍यवसायिक उत्‍पादन के लिए विमोचित संकर किस्‍म, नियमित फलन एवं मध्‍य औजस्‍वी, बडे फल (307 ग्राम) स्‍वादिष्‍ट (24 डिग्री ब्रिक्‍स) रेशारहित एवं सुगंधित। फल पकने का समय जुलाई का तीसरा सम्‍ताह, प्रसंस्‍करण व निर्यात हेतू उपयुक्‍त यह किस्‍म पूवौतर दक्षिण व तटीय भारत के लिए अति उत्‍तम है। आम्रपाली Aamrpali भा.कृ.अनु.सं. 15 से 20 कि.ग्रा. प्रति वृक्ष (दसवें वर्ष में) यह किस्‍म 1979 में सम्‍पूर्ण भारत के लिए अनुमादित की गई। यह नियमित, बौनी तथा शीघ्र फलत में आने वाली संकर किस्‍म है। फल पकने का समय जुलाई का तीसरा सप्‍तह। फल मध्‍यम (120-160 ग्रा) स्‍वादिष्‍ट (22.8डिग्री ब्रिक्‍स) रेशा रहीत एव्र बीटा केरोटीन (16830 माईक्रोगाम प्रति 100 ग्राम गूदा) से परिपूर्ण । यह सघन बागवानी के लिए उपयक्‍त किस्‍म है। पूसा अरूणिमा Pusa Arunima भा.कृ.अनु.सं. 12 से 15 कि.ग्रा. प्रति वृक्ष (दसवें वर्ष में) यह किस्‍म 2002 में सम्‍पूर्ण भारत के लिए अनुमादित की गई। नियमित फलन एवं मध्‍य ओजस्‍बी। पौध लगाने की दूरी (6 x 6मी.) फल पकने का समय जून के अन्‍त से जुलाई का प्रथम सप्‍ताह। फल मध्‍यम (230 से 250 ग्राम) आकर्षक लाल रंग मघ्‍यम मिठास (19.5 डिग्री बिक्‍स) घरेलू एवं अन्‍तर्राष्‍ट्रीय बाजार हेतु उपयुक्‍त पकने के बाद 10 से...