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KrishiSewa - Agriculture Knowledge for Indian Farmers

उर्वरक Tag

10 May

Posted at 08:22h in Soil & Fertilizers
Pradeep Kumar 3,103 views

मिट्टी में उर्वरकों का प्रबंधन The fertilizers are becoming costly input day by day. Hence it is felt necessary to study the efficient use of this input. So some important points are given here to increase fertilizer use efficiency and to get higher yield. 1. Management of Nitrogen fertilizers in soil Nitrogen is lost from fertilizers by ways as follows: Volatilization Ammonia volatilization is an economic loss to the farmer in terms of both drained fertilizer prices and decreased crop yields. Some important facts are as follows: The ammonia volatilizing capacities of the fertilizers are graded as urea > ammonium sulphate > ammonium chloride > ammonium nitrate. The ammonia volatilizing capacities of the soils are graded as calcareous soil > alkaline soil > neutral soil > acid soil. In neutral and acid soils, ammonia volatilization occurs from urea only, not from other ammonium fertilizer viz. ammonium sulphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate. Surface application of fertilizers increases ammonia volatilization. Ammonia volatilization from urea added to the surface of warm and moist alkaline or calcareous soils can be completed within a week. To reduce volatilization loss of nitrogen, few recommendations are enlisted hereunder. Immediately after application (within a few hours), urea must be incorporated with soil by tillage or washed into the soil. Urea should never be left on the soil surface without incorporation.  In...

07 May

Posted at 07:21h in Soil & Fertilizers
K.Venkatesh 5,315 views

नाइट्रोजन उर्वरकों के सुरक्षित और लाभदायक उपयोग के लिए सर्वश्रेष्ठ प्रबंधन पद्धतियां Indian agriculture has witnessed a tremendous fourfold increase in food production over the past three decades. This enhanced food grain production later known as ‘green revolution’ could be mainly attributed to the introduction of high-yielding, input responsive cultivars of wheat and rice in the mid-1960s and to the increased availability and use of chemical fertilisers, especially the nitrogenous (N) fertilizers. Nitrogenous fertilizers supply N which is very essential for plant growth and development and mainly supplied to the crop plants in the form of urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) etc. When N fertilizers are used correctly they are very beneficial, but unscientific practices of their usage could lead to large scale pollution and harmful effects on environment. Both surface and groundwater are very vulnerable to No3- contamination by excess use of N fertilizers. Protecting the water bodies in particular and environment in general from No3- contamination is major concern. Therefore here we discuss the best management practices for safe and economic use of Nitrogenous fertilizers. Always apply fertilizers based on soil nutrient status Fertilizers should be applied only based on the soil nutrient status, which can be known by testing the soil at a laboratory. Nowadays all state department of agriculture district headquarters...

27 Apr

Posted at 08:36h in Soil & Fertilizers
3,367 views

Fertilizers use efficiency to increase profit उर्वरको का सही समय व सही तरीके से उपयोग निष्चित ही इसकी उपयोग क्षमता बढ़ाता हैं। परिस्थिति अनुसार व फसल अनुसार उर्वरक देने से उपज मे भारी वृध्दि होती हैं। फसल की आवष्यकता के तत्वों को फसल में देने का अलग - अलग समय निम्नानुसार हैं। नत्रजन :- पौधो को नत्रजन की आवष्यकता वृध्दि के आरम्भ मे कम वृध्दि के समय अधिक व वृध्दिकाल व परिपक्कता के समय के बीच कम होती। अत: नत्रजन के उर्वरक की कुछ मात्रा बुआई के समय व शेष मात्रा वृध्दिकाल तक देते हैं।जो फसलें 4-5 महीने में पकती हैं उनको नत्रजन की कुल मात्रा दो बार में, जो 9 - 12 महीने में पकती है 3 - 4  बार में और जो इससे अधिक समय खेत मे खड़ी रहती है जैसे गन्नो की अधसाली फसल, नत्रजन की कुल मात्रा 4-5 बार में देते है। रेतीली मृदाओं मे नत्रजन की मात्रा को कई बार में देना आवष्यक है।फास्फोरस :- पौधों में फास्फोरस की आवष्यकता प्रारम्भ में ही जड़ों की वृध्दि के लिये होती हैं। जब पौधे अपनो कुल शुष्क भार का 1/3 हिस्सा तैयार कर लेते हैं। उस समय तक फास्फोरस की कुल आवष्यकता का 2/3 भाग मृदा से ग्रहण करते हैं। अत: फास्फोरस की कुल मात्रा फसल की बुआई के समय ही खेत...

07 Feb

Posted at 04:20h in Organic farming
12,723 views

वर्मीकम्पोस्ट - खाद या उर्वरकों की रानी  Vermicompost is an organic manure (bio-fertilizer) produced as the vermicast by earth worm feeding on biological waste material; plant residues. Vermi casts are popularly called as 'Black gold'. This compost is an odorless, clean, organic material containing adequate quantities of N, P, K and several micronutrients essential for plant growth. Vermicompost is a preferred nutrient source for organic farming, which enriches soil quality by improving its physicochemical and biological properties. It is eco-friendly, non-toxic, consumes low energy input for composting and is a recycled biological product. Vermicompost is becoming popular as a major component of organic farming system. Base materials required for Vermi composting: Crop residues ,tree leaves and animal dung are the the basic materials required.Agricultural wastes like sugarcane trash,weeds hedge cuttings ,saw dust, coir waste,paddy husk, cattle dung, effluent slurry, from bio-gas plant, excreta of sheep, horse , pig, poultry droppings (in small quantity) and vegetable wastes are ideal food for earth worms. City garbage or even biodegradable organic sludge, a waste product from ETP of any industry can also be used for feeding worms. Selection of species: There are different species of earthworms viz. Eisenia foetida (Red earthworm), Eudrilus eugeniae (night crawler), Perionyx excavatus etc. Red earthworm is preferred because of its high multiplication rate and thereby...