बेर - KrishiSewa

28 May हरियाणा में जामुन की उन्नत खेती

Posted at 09:40h in Crop Cultivation

हेमन्त सैनी, विकास श्योराण एवं पूनम सैनी 12,084 views

Cultivation of Jamun in Haryana जामुन मूल रुप से भारत, पाकिस्तान और इंड़ोनेशिया का पौधा है जिसको विभिन्न नाम जैसे जावा प्लम व काला प्लम व जमबोलन तथा जमबुल आदि से जाना जाता है। यह वृक्ष मायटऐसी कुल और मायर्टलेस आर्ड़र में आता है। जामुल का वृक्ष एक विशाल और शाखाओं वाला वृक्ष है इसकी छाल भूरे रंग की अधिक चिकनी और लगभग 2.5 सेंटी मीटर मोटी होती है। हालांकि इसके फलों को सभी के द्वारा पंसद किया जाता है और उच्च दामों में बेचा जाता है तो भी यह वृक्ष एक बगीचे के पेड़ के रुप में अभी तक नही उगाया जाता है। लवणीय, क्षारीय, आर्द्र व जलभराव वाले क्षेत्र में इसे उगाया जा सकता है। नहरो और नदियों के किनारे की मृदा संरक्षण के लिए भी यह वृक्ष उपयुक्त्ता होता है। उपयोग : जामुन का अर्क मधुमेह, रक्त शर्करा को कम करने में बहुत उपयोगी होता है। फूल उत्तार भारत में शहद के प्रमुख स्त्रोत के रुप में उपयोग किए जाते है। फल के प्रतिरोधी गुण पाये जाते है और बहुत से रोगों के इलाज में दवा तैयार करने में उपयोग किए जाते हैं। फल का उपयोग जेली, मुरब्बा, संरक्षित खाद्य पदार्थ, शरबत और शराब बनाने में किया जाता है। बीजों का उपयोग मधुमेह में एक प्रभावी दवा के लिए किया जाता है। जामुन का रासायनिक घटक...

17 Nov Cape Gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.): A New cash crop in India

Posted at 09:36h in Crop Cultivation

Sachin Tyagi and Sanjay Sahay 16,425 views

रसभरी या केप करौदा: भारत में एक नई नकदी फसल Introduction and adaptations of new crops contribute to an increase in diversity of agricultural systems. It offers new opportunity and alternatives to farmers and markets. New crops can result in an increase of income for farmers. The Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) करौदा is a new herbaceous crop which comes under minor fruit. The genus Physalis, of the family Solanaceae, contains around more than 100 species of annual and perennial herbs. Several species of Physalis are grown for their edible fruits like, P. peruviana L. (Cape gooseberry) , P. pruinosa L. (strawberry tomato), or P. ixocarpa Brot. (husk tomato). This crop can be grown successfully in kitchen garden. In India, Cape gooseberry grown ‘throughout the plains and hills. In temperate region it grow as a annul while in tropical and subtropical grow as perennial due to absence of frost. It is also called golden berry, teparee, tiparee, makowi, poha, uchuba etc. Gooseberry reaches 2 to 3 ft (1.6 - 0.9 m) in height but occasionally may attain 6 ft (1.8) m. Cape gooseberry can also be grown as an intercrop with other fruit crops. The Cape gooseberry fruits are cherry size, golden-yellow, like a small globe and is deliciously sweet. The fruit type is berry with the diameter about 12.5 to...

19 Feb Star gooseberry preserve: A nutritive value added product of berry

Posted at 09:31h in Postharvest

Deepa Samant 3,360 views

स्टार करौदा परिरक्षण (मुरब्‍बा): बेरी का एक पोषक मूल्य संंर्वधक उत्पाद Star gooseberry, an underutilized fruit crop of Indian origin, has not yet been exploited properly in spite of its nutritional and medicinal values. In comparison to aonla / amla, it has limited market potential. However, its potential may be realized by developing and promoting its value added products. Bearing plant of star gooseberry Preserve may be helpful in popularizing vitamin C rich star gooseberry among masses. Star gooseberry (Phyllanthus acidus Skeels), a close relative of aonla (Emblica officinalis Geartn) is an underutilized fruit crop of India. It is a component of homestead gardens of tropical/ subtropical humid regions of the country. In Odisha it is known as ‘Narkoli’ and cultivated primarily in backyard. Narkoli bears fruits thrice in a year i.e. during March-April, June-July and Oct-November. Fruits are pale yellow, waxy, crispy, ribbed and smaller than aonla. It is a rich source of vitamin C (85-95 mg/100g of edible portion) and minerals. Traditionally, fruits are used as blood purifier, appetite stimulant and as a remedy for bronchitis, biliousness and digestive disorders. However, it has limited market as fresh fruit due to high acidity and astringency. Fruits are highly perishable in nature and can hardly be stored for 2-3 days at room temperature. Hence, it is necessary to...

14 May Production Technology of Strawberries: A boon for farmers.

Posted at 09:46h in Crop Cultivation

Harit Kumar 10,845 views

किसानों के लिए वरदान स्ट्रॉबेरी की उत्पादन प्रौद्योगिकी। Strawberries are adapted to many growing regions in India and commercial production is potentially profitable. Strawberries require a fairly long-term commitment. Commercial plantings are normally replaced at least every 4 years. Strawberry is one of the important small fruit among the berries. Various strawberry species grow wild all over the world, but the cultivated strawberry is based upon two species Fragarin chiloensis and Fragarin verginiana. Hybrid between these two species was the ancestor of all the modern strawberry cultivar. Strawberry has great dietetic value and is one of the potential source of vitamin C and a good antioxidant source. Every 100 gm edible portion contains 89 gm water, 0.07 gm protein, 0.5gm fats, 8.4gm carbohydrates and 59mg ascorbic acid. The strawberry fruit is commercially consumed both in fresh form and can be preserved like Jams, Jellies, and squashes that can be used in off-season. The introduction of day neutral cultivars, fertigation, green house, standardization of agro techniques and improved storage techniques has revolutionized the strawberry industry. Preparing the Plot, Soil & Climate Requirement for Strawberry cultivation Strawberries perform best when grown in a sunny and sheltered part of the plot and the soil needs to be reasonably fertile and free-draining. To ensure the plants thrive, it’s...

16 Dec राजस्थान में शुष्क क्षेत्रीय फलों के रोग एवं निदान

Posted at 09:31h in Crop disease

S. K. Maheshwari 3,589 views

Disease management in dry arid regional Fruits of Rajasthan राजस्थान में विभिन्न प्रकार के शुष्क क्षेत्रीय फल उगाये जाते हैं। जिनमें अनेक प्रकार के रोग लगते हैं जिससे इन फलों की गुणवत्ता तथा उपज दोनों प्रभावित होती हैं। इसलिए इन फलो के मुख्य रोगो का निदान करना अत्यंत आवश्यक है, जो निम्न प्रकार है : अ) बेर के मुख्य रोग 1. बेर में छाछया रोग इस रोग में सबसे पहले पौधों की टहनियों, पत्तियों एवं फलों पर सफ़ेद चूर्ण जैसी फफूंद दिखायी देती है जो बाद में पूरे फल पर फैल जाती है। रोग संक्रमित फल आकार में छोटे रह जाते हैं। निदान : इस रोग के लक्षण नजर आने पर 0.1 प्रतिशत केराथेन का 10-15 दिनों के अंतराल पर 3 बार छिड़काव करना चाहिए। केराथेन का एक छिड़काव सितम्बर माह के शुरू में रोग से बचाव के रूप में छिड़काव करना लाभप्रद होता है। इसके अतिरिक्त गंधक के चूर्ण का भुरकाव 15-20 दिनों के अंतराल पर करने से व्याधि नियंत्रित की जा सकती है। 2. बेर में आल्टरनेरिया फल सड़न: इस रोग में गहरे भूरे रंग के धब्बे दिखाई देते हैं। रोगी फल छोटे रह जाते हैं। रोग ग्रसित फल शीघ्र टूट कर गिर जाते हैं जिससे उपज में भारी कमी हो जाती हैं। निदान : इसके नियंत्रण के लिए मेंकोजेब के 0.2 प्रतिशत घोल का छिड़काव लक्षण दिखाई देते ही करना...

02 Dec Potential of commercial cultivation of Jamun

Posted at 05:16h in Crop Cultivation

Deepa Samant 25,355 views

जामुन की व्यावसायिक खेती की संभावना In India many tropical fruit tree species, most of which are not commercially cultivated, are highly popular as they not only provide a significant source of livelihood support to the rural people but also has a cultural and social value. Such underutilized fruits have been long sustained due to their importance for their nutritional value andas a source of rural and tribal household income. Jamun (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) is one of such underutilized fruit species of great importance in India. Because of its hardy nature and multifarious uses, it has great potential for commercial exploitation in wastelands and dry-land horticulture. The fruits have a significant commercial and medicinal value owing to its variety of uses. The ripe jamun fruits are consumed fresh and can also be processed into many value added products like jam, jellies, squash, cider, nectar, wine, vinegar, RTS, pickles etc. The vinegar prepared from juice extracted from slightly unripe fruits is carminative, diuretic and cures stomachache. Fruit syrup is a remedy for diarrhoea. The seed powder is used to control diabetes.Jamun fruits are rich in minerals, fiber, carbohydrates, vitamin A, Vitamin C, phenols and tannins. Mature fruit contains80 I.U. Vitamin A, 5.7- 18mg Ascorbic Acid, 8.3- 15mg Calcium, 1.2- 1.62mg Iron, 15- 16.2mg Phosphorus,...

28 Nov Managing fruit borers menace on ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.)

Posted at 13:25h in Crop disease

V. Karuppaiah 4,819 views

बेर में फल छेदक के खतरे का प्रबंधन । Ber is an important fruit crop grown under arid and semi-arid region of Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab, Gujarat, and other parts of India. Tree is well adapted to adverse climatic conditions, salinity and it gives good returns to the farmers. However, the avoidable loss is more due to insect pests and diseases. Of the various insect pests infesting ber in India, borers are notorious as they are causing the direct damage to fruits and they are as follows Fruit flies, Carpomyia vesuviana Costa, Daccus correctus (Bezzi) and Dacus dorsalis (Saundars) Fruit/ Stone weevil, Aubeus himalayanus Voss Fruit borer, Meridarchis scyrodes Meyr Presently, synthetic chemicals are widely used by the farmers to control theses pests. Sole reliance on insecticide will not give satisfactory control and it is essential to explore preventive measures to manage these pests. In this context, the integrated management strategy would be effective. Here, we are discussing some of the important tools IPM which can be employed for successful management of these pests. Pest Nature of Damage Seasonality Fruit flies Carpomyia vesuviana Costa, Daccus correctus (Bezzi) and Dacus dorsalis (Saundars) (Tephrididae: Diptera) Adult fly Fruit fly infested fuit with undulated shape Adult flies emerged from the soil and lay the eggs on developing fruits by making puncture with small cavity with help of protrusive...

11 Mar Prevailing Insect Pests of Arid Fruits and Their Management Options

Posted at 06:43h in Crop disease

V. Karuppaiah 4,629 views

शुष्क फलों के प्रचलित कीट-पतंग और उनके प्रबंधन के विकल्प Remarkable increase in fruit crops cultivation under hot arid region of western India lead to drastic changes in the pest population dynamics. The fruits such as ber (Ziziphus mauritiana), date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) and bael (Aegle marmelos) are an important fruit crops grown in this area. The productivity is concern, it is low because of harsh environment (high temperature, low precipitation, high PET, high wind velocity), poor soil fertility and salinity. Beside these, the biotic pressure like pest and diseases also play a critical role, which cause significant loss and adds cost of production. Hence, in this article we discussed the present status of insect pests of these fruit trees and their management options and this information would be highly useful to the farmers of this region for successful management of different insect pests. A. Insect pests of Ber 1. Ber butter fly(Tarucus theophrastus Fab.) Symptoms of damage:Larvae feed on sprouting tender shoots, leaves and flower buds. Infested leaves gives whitish look due to chlorophyll feeding finally the leaves remain with long streaks. It damages the leaves upto 25 to 40 per cent. Period of activity: June to September Recommendations: Spray of quinalphos (0.05%) during the sprouting and onset of flowering and repeat the spray at...

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