25 Aug Insecticides as environmental contaminants and their remediation
कीटनाश्को का पर्यावरण प्रदूषक रूप और उनसे पर्यावरण का बचाव Insecticide contamination is caused by diffuse sources and point sources. Diffuse sources are mainly related to drift losses and run-off during application and drainage discharge from treated fields. Point sources are mainly related to the handling of pesticides during transport, storage, filling, cleaning, and management of liquid residues and disposal of empty packages. When a pesticide is applied directly to a target pest (plant or animal) the whole site is affected including crop plants, soil organisms and potentially humans and wildlife in the immediate area. In the case of agricultural use, once they are applied, insecticides and their metabolites can enter the plant, soil, air and water. This may carry by the Pesticide volatilization (diffusion of pesticides through the soil and atmosphere) and pesticide emission from the plant canopy or soil surface to the atmosphere usually depends on vapour pressure and the chemical vaporization and the air flow mass transports the chemicals. Pesticides carried by surface runoff from agricultural areas constitute a significant portion of the pesticide pollutants entering surface water bodies. Leaching of pesticides through soil is an environmental concern because of the possibility of their reaching deeper soil and/or the water table and contaminating groundwater. Impacts on aquatic environment: Insecticides can reach surface water through...