13 Jul Barley diseases and their management
जौ फसल के रोग और उनका प्रबंधन Barley is the fourth largest cereal in the world after maize, rice and wheat with a share of 5.5-6% of the global cereal production. Barley is grown nearly by 100 countries worldwide and during 2013, globally the area under the crop was nearly 49.14 million hectares with a production of 143.95 million metric tonnes (faostat3.fao.org ). As per third advance estimates of Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, India will produce 1.63 million metric tonnes of barley during 2014-15 (eands.dacnet.nic.in). Like other cereals, barley is also exposed to various diseases, which are ultimately responsible for significant yield reduction and poor grain quality. These diseases are wide spread from high input production conditions i.e. north western plain zone (NWPZ) to medium/ low input agro-ecologies of north eastern plain zone (NEPZ) and central zone (CZ). The chemical controls for diseases are available, however, inbuilt resistance mechanism is eco-friendly and best tactics for sustainable agriculture coupled with high benefit ratio. The pathogens may be disseminated through seed, soil and air. The seed borne pathogens can be controlled using seed treating chemicals. Barley is exposed to several biotic stresses, however, some major diseases are discussed below- 1. Yellow rust: Puccinia striiformis hordei (stripe rust)- Yellow rust is the disease of cool temperature (10 –20oC) and the...