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banana Tag

23 Sep

Posted at 06:03h in Crop Cultivation
1Sakshi Shastri and 2Ankit Kumar Pandey 16 views

ऊतक संर्वधन के उपयोग द्वारा केले की खेती Banana (Musa spp.) is believed to have originated in South Eastern Asia with India as one of the centres of origin apart from Indonesia, Philippines, and Malaysia. Bananas are believed to have been the world first cultivated fruit. Banana ranks first in production and second in area among the fruits grown in India. Banana is one of the popular fruits in India because of its low cost and free availability. Banana provides a balanced diet than other fruits. Banana is composed of mainly water and carbohydrates which provides energy (104 Cal. Per 100 g.) It is rich in Minerals, Phosphorus and Calcium. The major problem however faced in the banana growing areas is the shortage of uniform and disease free planting materials, which is due to the vegetative mode of propagation of the plant (through side sucker) at a slow pace in conventional cultivation This difficulty can be addressed by employing the commercial tissue culture technology for mass production of the popular banana varieties. Tissue culture in banana Plant tissue culture is a collection of techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues or organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium of known composition. It is widely used to produce clones of a plant...

24 Dec

Posted at 09:38h in Crop disease
टी. ए. उस्मानी, प्रदीप कुमार एवं राजीव कुमार 20 views

Integrated insect and disease management in banana crop दुनिया भर में केला एक महत्वपूर्ण फसल है। भारत में लगभग 4.9 लाख हेक्टेयर में केले की खेती होती है जिससे 180 लाख टन उत्पादन प्राप्त होता है। महाराष्ट्र में सबसे अधिक केले का उत्पादन होता है। महाराष्ट्र के कुल केला क्षेत्र का 70 फीसदी अकेले जलगांव जिले में है। देशभर के कुल केला उत्पादन का लगभग 24 फीसदी भाग जलगांव जिले से प्राप्त होता है। केले को ‘’गरीबों का फल’’ कहा जाता है। केले का पोषक मान अधिक होने के कारण केरल राज्य एवं युगांडा जैसे देशों में केला प्रमुख खाद्य फल है। केले के उत्पादों की बढती मांग के कारण केले की खेती का महत्व भी दिन प्रतिदिन बढ़ता जा रहा है। केले की फसल भी कीट एवं रोगों से काफी प्रभावित होती है,अगर सही समय पर उपाय न किये जाय तो भारी नुकसान का सामना करना पड़ सकता है | केले की फसल में लगनेवाले मुख्य कीट : 1. तना छेदक कीट ( Banana Stem Borer): तना छेदक कीट एवं उससे ग्रसित केले का पौधा लक्षण एवं नुकसान : केले के तना छेदक कीट का प्रकोप 4-5 माह पुराने पौधो में होता है । शुरूआत में पत्तियाँ पीली पडती है, तत्पश्चात तना से गोंद जैसा  पदार्थ निकालना शुरू हो जाता है। वयस्क कीट तना के  के आधार पर...

15 Mar

Posted at 10:13h in Miscellaneous
18 views

उत्तक संवर्धित केला - बढ़ाये कृषक की आय Bananas are the fruits which now considered as world's 4th dietary staple after rice, wheat and corn. A number of people consume them in one way or the other. Banana (Musa spp.) comes under Musaceae family which have several species cultivated all round the world ( Musa acuminata, Musa balbisiana and Musa × paradisiaca for the hybrid Musa acuminata × M. balbisiana). It is world's largest herb and it is not a tree. The fruit type of banana is berry. A typical banana plant has 8 to 30 torpedo-shaped leaves that are up to 12 feet long and 2 feet wide. It is loaded with a number of vitamins and minerals viz.,  vitamin A, B, C and G. It also contains alkali-forming minerals, potassium, natural sugars, protein and some fat. Bananas contain potassium-40, a radioactive isotope. They are easy to digest and provide quick energy and provide potassium lost during exercise. They are the first choice of many professional athletes when they are competing. Banana is an edible fruit which is majorly grown in sub-tropical and warm climatic conditions. It is majorly grown in subtropical areas. They are grown in over 100 countries. India ranks number 1 in the world’s highest Banana producing country. Ecuador is the world's largest exporter of banana. The best soil type for...

01 May

Posted at 04:43h in Crop disease
Vijay Kumar Suryawanshi 29 views

7 प्रमुख फल फसलों के कायि‍क विकार तथा उनका प्रबंधन।  Disturbance in the plant tissue metabolic activity and environmental variables like temperature, light, aeration and nutritional imbalances resulting disorders in the fruit crops. In fruit crops, the deficiency of micro-nutrients just like Zn, Bo, Mn  causes many more disorders than that of macro-nutrients. 1. Physiological disorders of Mango: Spongy Tissue in Mango:  It is a major problem in Alphonso, It is a physiological disorder in which fruit pulp remains unripe because of unhydrolyzed starch due to physiological and biochemical disturbances because of high temperature, convective heat and post harvest exposure to sunlight. Management: Use of mulching and post harvest exposure to low temperatures between 10-15 C for 10-18 hours has been useful in reducing the malady. Biennial Bearing in Mango: This is one of the most burning problems since it renders mango cultivation less remunerative to the growers. Biennial bearing is also known as alternate bearing. It indicates yield variations in alternate years i.e. an year of optimum  or  heavy  fruiting followed by a year of little or no fruiting.  The  problem  of biennial  bearing  is  a  varietal character governed by genetic makeup, and this tendency starts exhibiting in mango plant even at the second year of fruiting and become more serious as the age advances. Management : Proper  upkeep  and  after ...

15 May

Posted at 06:35h in Crop disease
Gaurav Kumar Singh 29 views

केले केे महत्वपूर्ण रोग, कीट व  पतंग तथ्‍ाा उनका प्रबंधन  Timely identification of pests and diseases in agriculture helps farmer to properly control and manage them. Major pests and diseases that affect the banana crop and their management are discussed below.  Diseases of Banana Crop 1. Panama Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense): This is a soil-borne fungal disease and gets entry in the plant body through roots. It is most serious in poorly drained soil. Initial symptoms are yellowing of lower leaves, including leaf blades and petioles. The leaves hang around the pseudostem and wither. In the pseudostem of the diseased plant, yellowish to reddish streaks are noted with intensification of colour towards the rhizome. Wilt is severe in poor soil with continuous cropping of banana. Warm soil temperature, poor drainage, light soils and high soil moisture are congenial for the spread of the disease.  Control: Severely affected plants should be uprooted and burnt. Highly infected soil should not be replanted with banana at least for 3-4 years. Use of disease-free planting material and resistant cultivar are recommended. Growing of paddy followed by banana for 3-5 years once or twice, use of quick lime near the base of the plant and soaking with water and avoiding sunflower or sugarcane in crop rotation helps to reduce the disease incidence. Dipping...

04 Apr

Posted at 09:24h in Crop Cultivation
27 views

भारत में केले की उत्‍पादन तकनीक  Banana is one of the most important fruit crops grown in India. In respect of area it ranks second and first in production only after mango in this country. India leads the world in banana production with an annual output of about 16.820 mt. In India, bananas are so predominant and popular among people that poor and rich alike like the fruit.  Considering the year round availability of fruits, unlike the seasonal availability of other tree fruits, it has become an inevitable necessity in any household in India, for all functions. The banana cultivation in India is most popular agricultural parctice. Origin and Distribution The edible banana is believed to have originated in the hot, tropical regions of South-East Asia. India is believed to be one of the centres of origin of banana. Its cultivation is distributed throughout the warmer countries and is confined to regions between 300N and 300S of the equator. Banana is also grown, in many other countries of the world namely Bangladesh, the Carribbean Islands, the Canary Islands, Florida, Egypt, Israel, Ghana, Congo, South Africa, Fiji, Hawaii, Taiwan, Indonesia, the Philippines, South China, Queensland and Sri Lanka. Soil for Banana cultivation:  Fertility of soil is very important for successful cultivation, as banana is a heavy feeder. Banana...

01 Oct

Posted at 10:07h in Crop Varietes
22 views

केले  की कि‍स्‍में / प्रजातियॉं The Cavendish is the most common variety of bananas. There are more than 500 varieties of banana plants in the world. Some of the popular varieties of Banana are: Varieties Charactristics Dwarf Cavendish It is a popular commercial cultivar grown extensively for table and processing purpose in the states Maharashtra, Gujarat, Bihar and West Bengal. It is also popular in Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. Dwarf Cavendish is becoming a highly successful cultivar. It is highly susceptible to Sigatoka leaf spot disease in humid tropics restricting its commercial cultivation.   Basrai Basrai' is the leading commercial variety of Cavendish group and is a leading commercial variety of Maharashtra. The plant stature is Dwarf making it less prone to wind damage. The bunch size, the fruit length and size is quite good though the keeping quality is rather poor. The average bunch weight with 6-7 hands and with about 13 fruits per hand is about 15-25 kg. The thick rind of the fruits retains to some extent the greenish colour even when the fruits are ripe. Gandevi selection Also known as 'Hanuman' or 'Padarre' is gaining importance inspite of its longer crop duration. The selection yields bunches weighing 55-60 kg. Performs well under light soils with high inputs. In combination with high-density planting and drip irrigation, Robusta   It is...

24 Aug

Posted at 08:55h in Crop disease
28 views

केले की पनामा वि‍ल्‍ट बीमारी तथा उसका का प्रबंधन  Banana and plantain (Musa sp.) are widely grown in India with great socio- economic significance, interwoven in the cultural heritage of the country. It is fourth important food crop in terms of gross value exceeded only by paddy, wheat and milk products. It is also a dessert fruit for millions apart from a staple food owing to its rich and easily digestible carbohydrates with a calorific value of 67-137 /100g fruit. India is the largest producer of banana in the world. In India, banana contributes to 37.30 % of the total fruit production.   Tripura is a small grower of banana in the north-eastern region.  Banana in Tripura: Area 7,486 HA Production 1, 05,615 MT Productivity 14.11 MT / HA   Various cultivars of banana are grown in Tripura e.g.  Sabri, Champa, Dwarf Cavendish, Tissue Culture of Grand Naine, etc.  Among the various varieties; Sabri (AAB) is considered the strength of Tripura because it fetches high price round the year on an average ` 6-7 per finger. Banana plantations suffer from many  serious diseases such as Fusarium wilt or panama disease, Cercospora leaf spot or Sigatoka, bacterial wilt or Moko disease, burrowing nematode infestation, Bunchy top (a nanavirus), anthracnose and various other post- harvest fruit rots. It is reported that Sabri...