20 Apr Expert systems in agricultural development
कृषि विकास में एक्सपर्ट सिस्टम An expert system is a software application that attempts to reproduce the performance of one or more human experts. Expert systems are mostly based on a specific problem domain, and are a traditional application of artificial intelligence. The expert system is used to behave like a human expert to solve the problem with the help of pre-set conditions in the software application. A wide variety of methods can be used to simulate the performance of the expert, which are 1) the creation of "knowledge base" which uses some knowledge representation formalism to capture the Subject Matter Experts (SME) knowledge, and 2) a process of gathering that knowledge from the SME and codifying it according to the formalism, which is called knowledge engineering. Expert systems may or may not have learning components but a third common element is that once the system is developed it is proven by being placed in the same real world problem solving situation as the human SME, typically as an aid to human workers or a supplement to some information system. Importance of Expert Systems The complexity of problems faced by farmers are yield loses, soil erosion, selection of crop, increasing chemical pesticides cost, pest resistance, diminishing market prices from international competition, and economic barriers hindering...