Agricultural workers who are exposed to pesticides in the fields can experience serious health effects from these chemicals. Many types of pesticides can be harmful to human health, and long-term exposure can cause health problems. Skin irritation, respiratory problems, and long-term illnesses such as cancer and neurological disorders can result from pesticide exposure....
पर्यावरण अनुकूल कीट- पीड़क प्रबंधन के लिए सूक्ष्मजीवों का उपयोग Microorganisms offer a vast resource for producing bioactive compounds, which are crucial in developing pharmaceuticals and biopesticides. Their diverse interactions within ecosystems make microbes a promising source for discovering new metabolite that could contribute to the creation of next-generation agricultural chemicals. Eco-friendly pest management is one area that shows significant potential in the microbial revolution in agriculture as the globe struggles with climate change, environmental degradation, and food security. Long-term solutions are needed more than ever. Insect pests are recognized as significant obstacles, responsible for approximately 10.80% of global agricultural losses in the post-green revolution era. Moreover, a recent report indicated an estimated 18–26% reduction in annual worldwide agricultural production, amounting to $470 billion. Chemical pesticides have been the standard solution for many years, farmers worldwide have relied heavily on synthetic chemical pesticides to control insect infestations due to their quick and effective results. However, growing worries about the long-term and indiscriminate use of these synthetic chemicals have brought to light their detrimental effects. Chemical pesticides can infiltrate water and soil through runoff from applied areas, accidental spills, or improper disposal, leading to the contamination of groundwater, streams, lakes, and ponds. In addition to this, they can harm non-target organisms such as birds, fish,...
Pesticides and Insecticides scenario in India भारत में सत्तर के दशक में हरित क्रांती के पश्चात सघन खेती का दौर शुरू हुआ जिसने फसलो की संकर किस्मो की बुआई की जाने लगी। इन संकर किस्मो मेंं कीट तथा रोगो के प्रति सहिष्णुता कम होने से इन पर कीट तथा रोगो का असर ज्यादा होता है अतः इन पर कीटनाशी तथा रोगनाशी दवाओ का ज्यादा बार छिडकाव करना पडता है तथा ज्यादा बार इस्तेमाल करना पडता है । इसके अलावा कीटो में कीट नाशियो के प्रति प्रतिबंधक शक्ती निर्माण होती है। इसलिए फसलो पर हर बार नयी कीटनाशी तथा रोगनाशी दवाओ का ज्यादा बार छिडकाव करना पडता है तथा ज्यादा बार इस्तेमाल करना पडता है। भारत में कीटनाशी दवाओ का उत्पादन १३९ ००० मेट्रिक टन प्रति वर्ष है जिसने से २१९ मेट्रिक टन कीटनाशी दवाये तकनिकी ग्रेड कि है ,जब कि आज बाजार में ४००० दवाये उपलब्ध है। भारत में कीटनाशी दवाओ का इस्तेमाल ४१.८३३ मेट्रिक टन है । भारत में निर्मित कुल कीटनाशी तथा रोगनाशी दवाओ का ५० प्रतिशत हिस्सा देश में ही इस्तेमाल होता है तथा बाकी निर्यात होता है। टाटा स्ट्रॅटेजी नामक संस्था द्वारा किये गये एक सर्वेक्षण के अनुसार भारत मे निर्मित कुल दवाओ मे से ६० प्रतिशत कीटनाशी दवाये है , फफूंदनाशी दवाये १८ प्रतिशत , खरपतवार दवाये १६ प्रतिशत...
कीटनाशकाेे का विवेकपूर्ण उपयोग सतत कृषि के लिए समय की आवश्यकता Although, pesticides offer one of the best means of controlling insect-pests and diseases of plant, pesticides are poisonous and their indiscriminate and unlimited use may result in ecological imbalance resulting in pest resurgence, aggravation of minor pests, pesticides resistance, environmental pollution, poising serious health hazards to man and animals. Only a small amount of the pesticides (less than 1%) applied to a crop reaches to the target pests and the remaining more than 99% contaminates soil, air, water, food, feed etc. However, if used judiciously such problems do not occur. Most of the problems related to pesticides use have occurred due to misuse and abuse of pesticides for which man is responsible and not the pesticides. Therefore, the following precautions should be followed in handling and using the pesticides:- General precautions in using pesticides The pesticides must be used within expiry date. Keep pesticides in labeled containers only Do not spray or dust dangerous pesticides in lakes, ponds, and rivers. Do not use pesticides on farm animals without consulting your veterinary doctor. Do not use leaky and faulty equipment. Do not apply pesticides on a lawn or pasture when people or animals are around. Do not allow pesticides drifts to an area where it might injure people or animals. Apply various...