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KrishiSewa - Agriculture Knowledge for Indian Farmers

stress tolerance Tag

09 Oct

Posted at 08:47h in Soil & Fertilizers
Jugal K. Malav 20 views

समस्याग्रस्त मिट्टी का प्रबंधन कैसे करें For the management of problematic soils,  some general principles has to be considered for proper implementation of the reclamation measures. The total soluble salt concentrations in the root zone have to be decreased to control osmotic effects on plant growth. Maintenance of total soil moisture tension must be ensured at optimum level so that plant roots can absorb an adequate amount of water. Water flows through the soil in the direction of maximum decrease of hydraulic head and the flow velocity is proportional to the hydraulic gradient. The design and layout of drainage system are controlled by this principle. The availability of good quality water is of paramount for leaching and drainage of soluble salts. The Salt concentration in soil solution upward movement of salts and their accumulation increase with an increase in the evaporation and transpiration from the surface of the soil and the vegetation, especially when the ground water table is shallow. Increase or decrease of salts in the root zone depends upon whether the salt inputs are higher or lower than the salt outputs. The cations in the soil solution and those adsorbed on exchange complex are in equilibrium with each other. The dispersion and effectiveness of amendments are controlled by this principle. Management of Saline and Non saline alkali...

24 Aug

Posted at 08:22h in Soil & Fertilizers
Thamarai Thuvasan K* 19 views

सेलाइन (खारा) मिट्टी के सुधार की तकनीक Accumulation of excess salts in the root zone resulting in a partial or complete loss of soil productivity is a worldwide problem. Soil salinity has caused heavy loss of national wealth in India. Out of 329 million hectares of land in the country, about 175 million ha (53 %) is suffering from degradation. The extent of this problem area as given by different sources varies from 8.56 M ha to 10.9 M ha. According to Central Soil Salinity Research Institute (CSSRI), Karnal, 1.7 M ha of land is affected by salinity among the 6.7 M ha of salt affected land. World as a whole is losing at least three hectare of arable land every minute by soil salinization. The problems of soil salinity are most widespread in the arid and semi-arid regions. Soil salinity is also a serious problem in areas where groundwater of high salt content is used for irrigation. The most serious salinity problems are being faced in the irrigated arid and semi-arid regions of the world and in these regions that irrigation is essential to increase agricultural production to satisfy food requirements. Development of saline soil There are several reasons for development of salinity in the soils such as, Excessive and uncontrolled irrigation Accumulation of salts in the...

24 Aug

Posted at 06:59h in Soil & Fertilizers
Jugal K. Malav 26 views

सिलिकॉन तत्‍व: पौधों में तनाव सहिष्णुता में सुधार के लिए लाभकारी घटक The beneficial effects of Si are mainly associated with its high deposition in plant tissues, enhancing their strength and rigidity. However, Si might play an active role in enhancing host resistance to plant diseases by stimulating defense reaction mechanisms. Because many plants are not able to accumulate Si at high enough levels to be beneficial, genetically manipulating the Si uptake capacity of the root might help plants to accumulate more Si and, hence, improve their ability to overcome biotic and abiotic stresses. A brief history of silicon in plants Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element after oxygen in soil. Silicon dioxide comprises 50–70% of the soil mass. However, the role of Si in plant growth and development was overlooked until the beginning of the 20th century. Because of the abundance of the element in nature and because visible symptoms of either Si deficiency or toxicity are not apparent, plant physiologists largely ignored it. However, repeated cropping and the constant application of chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium have depleted the amount of Si that is available to plants in the soil. An awareness of Si deficiency in soil is now recognized as being a limiting factor for crop production, particularly...