23 Jul Management of 6 major diseases in Groundnut crop
मूंगफली की फसल के 6 प्रमुख रोगों का प्रबंधन India is the largest producer of groundnut in the world. But average yields are low at 745 kg/ha. One of the important factor contributing to low yield is disease attack. Groundnut crop is prone to attack by numerous diseases to a much larger extent than many other crops. More than 55 pathogens including viruses have been reported to affect groundnut. Some diseases are widely distributed and cause economic crop losses while others are restricted in distribution and are not considered to be economically important at present. Among those disease some important diseases with their nature, symptoms and controls are described here :- 1- Early leaf spot Causal Organism :-Cercospora arachidicola Nature :- Soil and Air-borne disease Favourable condition :- Monoculture of groundnut. lower temp (25o C). long periods of high relative humidity and rainfall. Symptoms :- Infection starts about 1 month after sowing.Small chlorotic spots appear on leaflets, with time they enlarge, turn brown to black and assume sub circular shape on upper leaf surface On lower surface of leaves light brown colouration is seen. Lesions also appear on petioles, stems, stipules. In severe cases several lesions coalesce and result in premature senescence. Possible yield loss :- 10-50% Control :- Spray carbendazim 0.1% or mancozeb 0.2% or chlorothalonil 0.2%. Foliar application of aqueous neem leaf extract (2-5%) at...