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KrishiSewa - Agriculture Knowledge for Indian Farmers

Planting material Tag

21 Nov

Posted at 08:23h in Crop Varietes
21 views

नई किस्मों की पहचान, एकरूपता और स्थिरता का परीक्षण करना Testing the identity, uniformity, and stability of new varieties is essential for effective enforcement of the Plant Variety Protection and Farmers' Rights Act 2001. which is essential for not only to protect new varieties from unauthorised exploitation for profit but also to encourage the development of new varieties by farmers and breeders. Varieties that meets the criteria of distinction, uniformity, and stability (DUS) are granted registration and protection for 15 years for annuals and 18 years for vines and trees. Identification, uniformity, and stability testing is one of the key criteria for testing the identity, uniformity, and stability of breeds. This is required under the PPV & FR Act 2001 to grant breeder, researcher, and farmer rights. It must be clearly distinguishable from all collections of reference breeds. It must be consistent if a typical plants do not exceed the minimum allowed and traits are maintained in different environments and over time. They should be stable as long as all properties are preserved during replication. Species-specific descriptors are used to characterize, distinguish, and protect breeds. Descriptors must meet three technical requirements for identity. Consistency, stability, and distinctiveness are the abilities of descriptors to show distinct differences in variation between breeds. Homogeneity is uniformity within...

17 Mar

Posted at 05:23h in Crop Cultivation
15 views

 फ्रूट क्रॉप्स में प्लांट जेनेटिक रिसोर्स का उपयोग Plant genetic resources in horticultural crops and their wild relatives are of immense value to mankind as they provide food, fodder, fuel, shelter and industrial products. India is the second largest fruit-producing country in the world. A number of problems including diseases, insects, pests and various disorders are associated with fruit growing in India these problems can solve by utilising of Plant genetic resources. Inferior quality of planting material and poor orchard management are some of the reasons for the low productivity. Plant genetic resources are of great importance as they form the basic raw material to meet current and future needs of crops improvement programmes. The specific role that plant genetic resources have to play in addressing the challenges in securing food to humanity in a sustainable way is discussed. The diversity of plant species and of varieties of a range of crop types (cereals, pulses, fruits, vegetables) and the intraspecific genetic diversity that make up PGR are fundamental to our food system. Furthermore, the links between their production and consumption are important to sustainable food systems in order to have the richest possible food diversity on plates, sustainably sourced from the biological diversity that underpins agricultural systems. Plant genetic resources are the biological basis...

15 Mar

Posted at 10:13h in Miscellaneous
18 views

उत्तक संवर्धित केला - बढ़ाये कृषक की आय Bananas are the fruits which now considered as world's 4th dietary staple after rice, wheat and corn. A number of people consume them in one way or the other. Banana (Musa spp.) comes under Musaceae family which have several species cultivated all round the world ( Musa acuminata, Musa balbisiana and Musa × paradisiaca for the hybrid Musa acuminata × M. balbisiana). It is world's largest herb and it is not a tree. The fruit type of banana is berry. A typical banana plant has 8 to 30 torpedo-shaped leaves that are up to 12 feet long and 2 feet wide. It is loaded with a number of vitamins and minerals viz.,  vitamin A, B, C and G. It also contains alkali-forming minerals, potassium, natural sugars, protein and some fat. Bananas contain potassium-40, a radioactive isotope. They are easy to digest and provide quick energy and provide potassium lost during exercise. They are the first choice of many professional athletes when they are competing. Banana is an edible fruit which is majorly grown in sub-tropical and warm climatic conditions. It is majorly grown in subtropical areas. They are grown in over 100 countries. India ranks number 1 in the world’s highest Banana producing country. Ecuador is the world's largest exporter of banana. The best soil type for...

11 Dec

Posted at 04:29h in Seed production
P. Naveen Kumar 28 views

बीज गार्डन के माध्यम से ऑयल पाम की गुणवत्ता वाली रोपण सामग्री Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) cultivation has been expanded rapidly in recent years and is now second only to soybean as a major source of the world supply of oils and fats. It is the highest edible oil yielding crop yielding up to 5-6 tonnes of mesocarp oil (Crude Palm Oil, CPO) and 0.4 to 0.6 MT of palm kernel oil (PKO) per ha per year which is much higher (5-8 times) than that of any major oil producing crop. This crop offers viable solution for the ever increasing shortage of vegetable oils in the country and in saving valuable foreign exchange (approx 70,000 crores during 2012-13) being incurred annually for import of edible oils. Palmolein, the liquid fraction of RBD (Refined, Bleached and deodourized) palm oil is commonly used for cooking at home, in fast food restaurants, and also in snack foods and instant noodles manufacture. Palm oil and its fractions are also used in production of margarine, bakery and frying shortenings, vanaspati, confectionery fats, ice creams and as a replacement for butter fat in some dairy products. Palm oil is particularly suitable for deep frying because it is relatively stable at high temperature, compared with the more unsaturated oils. Palm...

14 Mar

Posted at 06:24h in Seed production
Dr. BS Tomar, 14 views

6 प्रमुख कटफ्लावर की स्वस्थ रोपण सामग्री के उत्पादन की  तकनीक Production of healthy and disease free planting material is difficult task and required lot of experience, planning and management. Since quality planting material (seed/saplings/bulbs etc.) is the basic requirement for successful flower (cut/loose) production for market or exhibition. Generally, plants are produced by two methods i.e. sexual and asexual or vegetative. In India sexual method is followed mostly in flowering annuals (seasonal flowers) and most of the shade, flowering or ornamental trees. Some annual creepers viz., Clitoria ternatea, Cobaea seandens, Lethyrus odoratus, Ipomea spp and Thunbergia alata are also produced from seeds. The other types of plants which are also commonly propagated in our country from seeds are palms, different cacti and succulents. There are several ornamentals which are not normally propagated from seeds but bred by breeders through seed to get new hybrids. Some of these plants are rose, chrysanthemum, gladiolus, carnation, orchid, dahlia, bougainvillea and hibiscus etc. Large number of ornamental plants are also produced through vegetative means like cutting, layering, buddings and asexual organs like corm, bulb and tubers. Therefore, the vegetative production technology of major cut flowers is discussed below in order to facilitate the production of quality planting material. 1. Chrysanthemum Plants are propagated by rooting terminal cuttings....