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Crop Cultivation

14 May

Posted at 09:46h in Crop Cultivation
Harit Kumar 10,845 views

किसानों के लिए वरदान स्ट्रॉबेरी की उत्पादन प्रौद्योगिकी। Strawberries are adapted to many growing regions in India and commercial production is potentially profitable. Strawberries require a fairly long-term commitment. Commercial plantings are normally replaced at least every 4 years. Strawberry is one of the important small fruit among the berries. Various strawberry species grow wild all over the world, but the cultivated strawberry is based upon two species Fragarin chiloensis and Fragarin verginiana. Hybrid between these two species was the ancestor of all the modern strawberry cultivar. Strawberry has great dietetic value and is one of the potential source of vitamin C and a good antioxidant source. Every 100 gm edible portion contains 89 gm water, 0.07 gm protein, 0.5gm fats, 8.4gm carbohydrates and 59mg ascorbic acid. The strawberry fruit is commercially consumed both in fresh form and can be preserved like Jams, Jellies, and squashes that can be used in off-season. The introduction of day neutral cultivars, fertigation, green house, standardization of agro techniques and improved storage techniques has revolutionized the strawberry industry. Preparing the Plot, Soil & Climate Requirement for Strawberry cultivation Strawberries perform best when grown in a sunny and sheltered part of the plot and the soil needs to be reasonably fertile and free-draining. To ensure the plants thrive, it’s...

13 May

Posted at 08:36h in Crop Cultivation
Kundan Kishore 41,646 views

भारत में कृष्‍णा फल यानि‍ पैशन फ्रुट की खेती की तकनीक। Passion fruit, a native of tropical America, is known for its exotic and unique flavor and aroma as well as for nutritional and medicinal properties. It is mainly grown in Brazil, Ecuador, Columbia, Australia, South Africa, Kenya and Sri lanka. In India, passion fruit is cultivated in some of areas of Nilgiri hill region, Karnataka and north eastern states like Manipur, Nagaland, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh and Meghalaya. It is used primarily for fresh consumption and processed products like juice, squash, jams and jellies. It is also used as a flavouring agent in ice cream. It belongs to family Passifloraceae containing 12 genera and 550 species. The most important genus Passiflora has more than 400 species. The cultivation of purple and yellow passion fruit is common in most of the countries. In Australia hybrids between the two forms (yellow and purple) are exploited. Passion fruit is also known as granadilla.  The most popular passion fruit cultivated for their edible fruits are purple passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims), yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg.) and giant granadilla (Passiflora quadrangularis L.). The cultivation of yellow passion fruit has been over shadowed by the purple passion fruit because of its fruit quality.  In tropical regions of India, cultivation of...

11 May

Posted at 06:43h in Crop Cultivation
H.D. Choudhary 47,005 views

फल फसलों की सघन बाग और मेडो बागवानी प्रणाली  High density planting technique is a modern method of fruit cultivation involving planting of fruit trees densely, allowing small or dwarf trees with modified canopy for better light interception and distribution and ease of mechanized field operation. HDP and meadow orcharding gives higher yield as well as returns/unit area due to increasing the no. of trees/unit area. It is possible by regular pruning and use of bio regulators for maintaining the size and shape of the tree.  It is well known that the diversity in soil and climatic conditions in India permits growing of a large variety of tropical, sub-tropical and temperate fruits in different regions, due to which India is regarded as a horticultural paradise. In recent year, the concept of fruit production is undergoing a change where emphasis is being given to higher production per unit area. High density planting or meadow orchard system is the fastest way of reducing the gestation period and increasing the productivity of the orchards. The choice of the system of planting in the orchard depends on topography, crop, variety, plant density, production technology to be followed. Concept of HDP in fruit crops  Accommodation of the maximum possible number of the plants per unit area to get the maximum possible...

01 May

Posted at 05:16h in Crop Cultivation
Hiralal Jana 35,679 views

कृषि‍ से सतत आय के लिए बांस की खेती The word bamboo comes from the Kannada term bambu.  Bamboo is a flowering, perennial, evergreen plant in the grass family Poaceae, sub-family Bambusoideae. Their strength, straightness and lightness combined with extraordinary hardness, range in sizes, abundance, easy propagation and the short period in which they attain maturity make them suitable for a variety of purposes. Bamboo is a versatile, strong, renewable and environment-friendly material. It is the fastest growing woody plant on earth. Most bamboo species produce mature fibre in 3 years, sooner than any tree species. Bamboo can be grown quickly and easily, and sustainably harvested in 3 to 5 years cycles.   It grows on marginal and degraded land, elevated ground, along field bunds and river banks. It adapts to most climatic conditions and soil types, acting as a soil stabilizer, an effective carbon sink and helping to counter the green house effect. The diversity of this fascinating plant has to be conserved, not just for financial reasons and employment generation, but also more importantly in the revitalization of traditional science and technologies. Bamboo distribution in India:  India has one of the richest bamboo resources in the world, second only to China. The annual bamboo production in the country is estimated 3.23 million tons. According to Forest Survey...

16 Mar

Posted at 09:26h in Crop Cultivation
गजानंद नागल 25,830 views

Cultivation of Mint to earn more Profits वर्तमान वैश्वीकरण के दौर में जहां एक ओर वैश्विक कृषि व्यवसायीकरण की ओर गतिशील दिखाई देती है। वहीं दूसरी भारतीय कृषि आज भी परंपरागत खेती को अपने युवा कांधों व तकनीकी दिमाग पर बोझ बनाये बैठी है। वर्तमान समय परंपरागत खेती से हटकर बाजार मांग के अनुसार फसल उत्पादन का है जहां नये कृषि उत्पादों का उत्पादन कर किसान अपने आय को उच्चतम स्तर तक पहुंचा सके। पुदीना लेमिएसी कुल से संबंधित एक बारह मासी खुशबुदार अत: भुस्वारी प्रकार का पौधा है। पुदीने की खेती मुख्यत: उनकी हरी, ताजा खुशबूदार पत्तिायों के लिये की जाती है। गांव-घरों में पनियारी के पास जहां पानी नियमित रूप से लगता है पुदीना लगाया जा सकता है। शहरों मेें लोग अपनी छतों पर पुदीनें को गमलों में लगाकर रखते हैं तो कहीं महानगरों में कई लोग अपनी खिड़कियों तथा रोशनदानों में पुदीना लगे गमले रखते है जिससे उनकी पुदीनें की हरी ताजी पत्तिायां भी मिल जाती है। तथा घरों में हवा के साथ पुदीने की भिनी -भिनी खुशबू भी फैल जाती है। पुदीने की खेती को लेकर पिछले कई वर्षों से किसान उत्सुक दिखाई देते है, ओर हो वे भी क्यों नहीं, पुदीना है ही कुछ ऐसा कि इसका नाम सुनकर ही हम सबके मुंह में पानी भर आता है। पुदीने का आम तौर...

22 Jan

Posted at 09:53h in Crop Cultivation
वीरेन्द्र कुमार यादव 11 views

Cultivation  of baby corn for more profit बेबी कॉर्न मक्का का भुट्टा है जो सिल्क (भुट्टा के ऊपरी भाग में आयी रेशमी कोपलें) की 1-3 से॰ मी॰ लम्बाई वाली अवस्था तथा सिल्क आने के 1 - 3 दिन के अन्दर ऋतु के अनुसार, पौधे से तोड़ लिया जाता है (चित्र 1 तथा 2) | इस अवस्था में दाने अनिषेचित (अनफर्टिलाइज्ड ) होते हैं | अच्छे  बेबी कॉर्न की लम्बाई  6-10 से॰ मी॰‚  व्यास 1-1.5 से॰ मी॰  तथा रंग हल्का पीला होना चाहिये | यह फसल खरीफ (गर्मी) में लगभग 50-60 दिनों‚ रबी (जाड़ा) में 110-120  दिनों‚ तथा जायद (वसंत) में 70-80 दिनों में तैयार हो जाती है | एक वर्ष में  बेबी कॉर्न की 3-4 फसलें  आसानी से ली जा सकती हैं | बेबी कॉर्न की निश्चित विपणन (मार्केटिंग) और डिब्बाबंदी (कैनिंग) होने से अधिक लाभ प्राप्त किया जा सकता है | इसका उत्पादन विश्व के कई देशों में होता है और विभिन्न व्यंजनों के रूप में उपयोग में लाया जाता है | इसके खेती से पशुओं के लिए हरा चारा भी मिल जाता है |    चित्र 1 बेबी कॉर्न (छिलका सहित ) चित्र 2 बेबी कॉर्न  छिलका हटाकर  बेबी कॉर्न मक्का का पौष्टिक महत्व: बेबी कॉर्न एक स्वादिष्ट पौष्टिक आहार है तथा पत्तों में लिपटे रहने के कारण कीटनाशक रसायनों के प्रभाव से लगभग...

03 Jan

Posted at 08:35h in Crop Cultivation
Hiralal Jana 23,715 views

कमल की खेती: कमाई का संभावित क्षेत्र The lotus plant is an aquatic perennial, native to Southern Asia and Australia. It is most commonly cultivated in water gardens. The pink lotus is the national flower of India. The lotus (Nelumbonucifera) is known by a number of common names, including sacred lotus, Indian lotus, East Indian lotus, Oriental Lotus, Lily of Nile, Bean of India and Sacred water lily. It symbolizes purity, beauty, majesty, grace, fertility, wealth, richness, knowledge and serenity. The American Lotus (Nelumbolutea) is native to a region stretching from south-eastern part of North America to the northern part of South America. It is smaller than the sacred lotus; bears scented, pale yellow flowers. Uses of Lotus:- Lotus flowers, seeds, young leaves and rhizomes are all edible. In Asia, the petals are sometimes used for decoration, while the large leaves are used as a wrap for food. Various parts of the sacred lotus are also used in traditional Asian herbal medicine. The tender seeds are munched happily in north-east India. The lotus stem is eaten almost in all parts of India, and pickled too. Young lotus stems are used as a salad ingredient in Vietnamese cuisine. The distinctive dried seed heads, which resemble the spout of watering cans, are widely sold throughout the World for decorative purposes and for...

03 Jan

Posted at 06:26h in Crop Cultivation
Christian R. R 55,493 views

कागजी नींबू उत्‍पादन से पायें लगातार अतिरिक्त आर्थिक लाभ। Citrus is native to a large area. There are some popular species of citrus group known as Kagzi lime (Citrus aurantifolia), Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) and Pummelo (Citrus grandis), Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis), Mandarin (Citrus reticulata). In India, citrus is the third largest fruit industry after Banana and Mango. In India, Citrus fruits are successfully grown in Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Uttarakhand, Bihar, Assam, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and other states. These are the most  common  fruits in India and  have  become  popular  because  of  their  availability  almost  throughout  the  year  at  moderate prices. Among the citrus group, Kagzi lime is one of the most important horticultural crops in India.  Kagzi lime (Pati lime, Spur lime, Acid lime, Mexican lime) in Hindi is known as 'Neebu or Nimbu', whereas in Gujarati, it is known as ‘limbu’, which belongs to family Rutaceae. Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) is the most important fruit crop in India as the demand for its consumption is very high due to the nutritional value and its availability at cheap prices. Lime is popular for its beautiful appearance and pleasing flavour and for its excellent food qualities. Lime does not edible in same manner as the other Citrus species. Dietary, Medicinal and Industrial Uses...